LE SEQUENçAGE DU GENOME HUMAIN

Séquençage du génome humain

Auteurs : Elodie PETIT
Peggy MABIALAH

Etudiants en Licence de Biologie (2000-2001) à l'UFR des Sciences Exactes de l'Université des Antilles-Guyane.

Mots clés: Génome – Séquençage – HGP- Celera – Proteomic's program

Since double helical structure of DNA was discovered in 1953 by Watson and Crick, the science did important progress. In 1990, the main goal of scientists is about sequencing the human genome. Two organisms made an effort to realize this project. It is Human genome Project = HGP (public) and Celera (private).
With a view to determine the succession of the nucleotides in segments of DNA, HGP and Celera used informatic material and two different methods referring to a technique discovered by Maxam and Gilbert in 1977. They announced first results to the public, in February 2001, in scientist magazines. In fact, this are just an outline because all the sequence would be achieved in 2003. The famous gene discovery is the beginning for researchers into potential applications (like medicine, pharmacogenetic, gene therapy) but also the point of departure of many problems (ethics for example).